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GPT-4.1 vs GPT-4.5

GPT-4.1 · OpenAI, released 2025-04-14
GPT-4.5 · OpenAI, released 2025-02-27

“Epoch AI, 'AI Benchmarking Hub'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved from 'https://epoch.ai/benchmarks' [online resource].” · epoch.ai/benchmarks · Licensed CC BY 4.0 · data last verified 2026-09-09 · Methodology · Data Sources

GPT-4.1 leads on more of the 4 benchmarks where both are measured — GPT-4.1 on 3, GPT-4.5 on 1. The remaining 5 of 9 tracked benchmarks cannot be compared: 5 have a result for only one of the two models, 0 for neither. Nothing on this page is estimated to fill those in.

Head-to-head

Measured on 4 of 9 tracked benchmarks for both models — GPT-4.1 leads on 3, GPT-4.5 leads on 1.

BenchmarkGPT-4.1 GPT-4.5Leads
Epoch Capabilities Index (ECI)136.8136.8GPT-4.1
SWE-bench Verified0.485Not measuredComparison unavailable — GPT-4.5 has no published result
GPQA Diamond0.6690.687GPT-4.5
MATH Level 50.8300.786GPT-4.1
OTIS Mock AIME 2024-20250.3830.378GPT-4.1
FrontierMath0.055Not measuredComparison unavailable — GPT-4.5 has no published result
FrontierMath Tier 40.000Not measuredComparison unavailable — GPT-4.5 has no published result
SimpleQA Verified0.311Not measuredComparison unavailable — GPT-4.5 has no published result
Chess Puzzles0.060Not measuredComparison unavailable — GPT-4.5 has no published result
Benchmark results measure specific tasks and should not be treated as a universal measure of model quality. A model with no row here for a benchmark has not been measured on it — that is left blank, never estimated.

What remains uncertain

A missing result means Xentir has not found one published by the source it cites, not that the model performs badly. See Data Sources.

Reference price

Per 1M tokensGPT-4.1 GPT-4.5
Output$8.00

List price as published by the vendor. Xentir does not verify negotiated or enterprise rates, and price is not a measure of capability — see Data Sources.

Full profiles

GPT-4.1 → · GPT-4.5 → · the full AI Model Rankings table